The Genius of Islam by Bryn Barnard

Author:Bryn Barnard [Barnard, Bryn]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 978-0-449-81494-9
Publisher: Random House Children's Books
Published: 2013-04-24T04:00:00+00:00

Muslim bimaristans treated patients with rest, nutrition, drugs, surgery, aromatherapy, and music therapy. Some bimaristans were very luxurious. In twelfth-century Marrakech, patients were provided with running water in every room, wool blankets, silk sheets, and a daily allowance to buy food and other supplies and, upon discharge, were given not a bill but a small stipend.

Specialization and hierarchy were hallmarks of the Muslim bimaristan. A director handled political and financial matters. A chief of staff supervised physicians. Doctors attended to patients. Students copied doctors. Pharmacists mixed and dispensed medicine. Orderlies and attendants handled basic care. This is the model we use today.

The first bimaristan was built in Damascus in 706. By 1106, there were sixty bimaristans in Baghdad and fifty in Córdoba. Both Muslims and Latin Europeans studied there. The first European bimaristan-style medical school was founded in Salerno in the eleventh century, followed by Montpellier, Bologna, Padua, and Paris. By the sixteenth century, Europeans were establishing their own bimaristans around the world, from Sydney to Beijing to Buenos Aires. Though designed on the Muslim template, they weren’t called bimaristans. They were called hospitals, from the Latin word for “guest.”

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